The History of Systema SPETSNAZ
The History of Systema SPETSNAZ
Systema is a term derived from the original Russian Systema of Hand-to-Hand Combat. More recently, as this style has become exported to western nations, it has become synonymous with Systema or Russian System of Martial Arts.
 Systema was developed by the early Cossacks, a highly trained paramilitary society, more than a thousand years ago, and historical record of this fighting style can be dated back to 948 A.D. For Centuries Russia had to repel invaders from the north, south, east and west, each of which brought to bear the peculiar martial skills, physical abilities and weapons of its culture. As a result, the need arose for a fighting style based on adaptability, instinct and ease of learning.
From ancient ages the martial art of Russian warriors deserved worldwide recognition. Even then the Russian close fight inspired  fear in the enemies.
Ancient Russians were strong in the close fight and won even when all military rules said they could not win. Russian Plastoon Cossacks showed their exclusive art of close fight in the First World War.
After the revolution in Russia, emigrating Russian officers brought the Russian martial art to the West. It was the Russian Style that was the basis for training the US sea-soldiers. In Russia the martial art perfected for ages was hidden into secret special schools for training diversionists. The Russian Style is a part of the combat sambo (Russian self-defence without weapon) generated by Spiridono, Kadochnikov. However, the today’s Russian Style standard was created by (who trained at a diversion school) Vadim Starov (who systemised and generalised the knowledge). As a result they created a universal survival system based on the historical battle experience and up-to-date developments in technologies and sciences such as mechanics, physics, medicine, geography, psychology, pathology, etc. Eventually, the System became the life system and world outlook of Slavonic people.
The Systema Philosophy
The study and practice of this discipline involves a complete system of physical and spiritual health, relaxation, and courage in the face of all forms of adversity. But most of all, it involves a philosophy of life, peace and decency seldom seen. It disciplines its students to relax while striking, rather than focus to generate maximum power, allowing you to strike at unusual and unexpected angles, to smile in combat rather than adopt a fierce visage or  announce your intentions with a blood curdling yell. There are no fixed training patterns or combinations of movements, all training is based on the reality that unexpected things happen in combat.
The purpose of this discipline is not merely to prepare for violence, but to gain a positive and strong mental state, to have a healthier and more limber body, to be more relaxed in a stressful society and to live a decent and peaceful life.
The History of Systema SPETSNAZ
The Russian System of Hand-to-Hand Combat, developed from this need. When the Communists came to power after the October Revolution of 1917, the practice of these fighting skills was prohibited, except by the elite units of the Soviet Special Forces, known as Spetsnaz. These groups had unique training and capabilities for working on the highest risk missions within KGB, and other government agencies.
It is only since 1991, with the end of the Communist era, that these martial traditions and styles have become available to the West.
Russia. A new millennium eve. A wild outburst of organised criminals, terrorism, separatism, third powers’ aggression in disguise of mercenaries, hot spot wars. This is the reality of our days. It’s grieving to confess that - in some battles against bandit units - up to ninety percent of Russian soldiers died from wounds made with cold steel. The analysis of the military actions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Defence Ministry special teams showed that the close fight role constantly grows in both bandit unit aggression repulse and criminal group suppression. The close fight techniques serve a single aim: saving lives in the extreme conditions of a true Combat.
We live in a troubled world. Defenceless civil people mostly become victims of developed nations’ geopolitical interests, local wars, ethnic or religious conflicts.
A war zone or a respectable district, multimillion big city or a quiet patriarchal town.
USA or highly explosive Afghanistan. Each hour thousands of accidents occur in the world where a particular person’s security or sometimes even life depends on his or her ability to struggle for own or folks’ life rather than on the professional skills of the forces of law and order.
There is only one person in the world who can either pull you down to the bottom or pull you up to the surface; and it’s no-one but you!
The System of personal security, the System of extreme survival is a whole complex of knowledge and skills which - at a certain moment - can secure you and save your life by applying an extraordinary effective martial art: Russian Style Close Combat . Those who have mastered the System - even if they are weak or wounded, children, old men or disabled - can defeat their enemies by using the energy and force of the attackers against them all, and by spending the minimum of his or her own energy and force. In the course of the training you will become able to benefit from the enemy’s force with the help of your slight move, and survive in different extreme situations.
It’s not our mission to borrow a spirit culture from other peoples or copy them. Our mission is to create our own things in our own ways, Russian and like Russians. (Ivan Ilyin, a Russian philosopher 100 years ago).
Considering our personal security, we mostly rely on some technical means such as a gas gun, gas spray or electric shocker. But just few of us ever think that we can be armed with a weapon which is much more sophisticated and effective. And such weapon is our own body.
The Russian close fight is an invisible weapon which can’t be detected until it’s used and can’t be taken away until the man is alive.
Basically, what is this invisible weapon of the Russian Style?
THE RUSSIAN STYLE
Russian Martial Arts Vadim Starov
What is the Russian Style? What is it’s secret hidden in? The secrets of the style should be looked for in regular physics, mechanics, biology, anatomy and psychology manuals rather than in any mystic ciphered treatises. Vadim Starov begins presenting the principles of his style with applying mechanical laws to the close fight events.
Single Combatt
The enemy’s attacks are received softly, in the same plane, by turning the arm or weapon. You should use the enemy’s inertia, add your acceleration, shift his centre of gravity - and the enemy can’t withstand it. By the way -never use your force to oppose the attacking force. Do always feel the distance. Keeping the contact at the point of touch as a weapon/enemy rotation axis centre allows you to control the enemy by using a system of levers rather than a brute force. Do it easily, spending just a quarter of your physical strength. Having his reserve strength, the close fighter can see and evaluate the whole situation. The close fighter is effective in any age, in any state of health. And - which is important - he can use anything he can reach: a submachine gun, knife, digging tool, even pen or pencil. Moreover, his arms are his weapons too.
The close combat
• reconnoitre without being detected
• investigate his enemy perfectly to predict his actions
• arrange approaching to his enemy to start a close fight without casualties.
You must remember: the most dangerous moment is approaching, when the enemy can start fire. The following is the matter of skills. That’s why the legendary Russian military leader Suvorov used to say: “Bullet’s foolish, bayonet’s fine!” Russians always won in the close fight!
The close fighter must be sure of his strength. He must know that he can neutralise his enemy as he is skilled in the close fight and psychologically stable in extreme situations. That’s why the Russian Style pays special attention to the principles of survival.
This fight style was tested in so-called hot spots and showed its military efficiency, saving the lives of those who mastered it.
The close fight, as well as each phenomenon in our lives, is governed by certain laws. The same is true for the close fight psychology. These are it’s principles:
• a man is afraid of the unknown
• two rivals are never the same in their fight, one of them must get afraid
• no-one wants to die.
Eventually, you should remember that there is only one man in the whole world who can pull you down to the bottom or pull you up to the surface - that’s you.
A Federal Security Service Spetsnaz soldier: Why is the Russian Style good? It helps to survive in extreme conditions.
The Russian Style is called The System. System is the interconnection of its elements. When you know how to fight when you are wounded or ill, you are set free, you do not fear your injury or wound. And if you know the human body, you can defeat your enemy or help your brother-in-arms to recover. The System means that it gives a new quality that did not exist in its separate elements and that appears because the elements interact and enrich each other. The System - because everything is together, like fingers in the fist, like soldiers in a battle. However, the close fight is just a part of The System, and not its main one. The main in The System is to survive. To hold out against the enemy, overcome hunger or illnesses, survive in uninhabited places, find the way, get back to friendly troops, bring back a wounded soldier alive. Shortly, struggle and survive. Starov advises: “Be always ready to save your life because you must be alive to go on defeating your enemy - by your fire, bayonet, butt, improvised means or with bare hands”. The Starov survival school teaches not to expose yourself, not to put your breast forward against machine guns or tanks, but to do everything to survive. For that, it’s not a shame to crawl on your belly or measure off the ground with your shoulder-blades, crawl on all fours or run your toes. Which is the way to win? Any way, - affirms Starov. There are no particular patterns or combinations against particular enemy’s actions. It is only a specialised approach and training techniques that allow an integral use of the physical, spiritual and intellectual stability of skills on a subconscious level. There is no such an instruction which can foresee all cases and situations, that’s why everyone should reveal his or her competence, being trained to justify his or her mission. The Russian Close Combat System is a weapon. And possessing such weapon makes you morally responsible for its use. That’s why the training itself is connected with a moral upbringing of the man.
No matter how we treat weapons, the latter existed, exists and will exist. It will be improved and developed because improvement and development are always connected with struggle. And struggle is as perpetual as life itself.
What is Systema SPETSNAZ?
Systema SPETSNAZ is a realistic combat style of fighting with real-life, rather than sport, application. It involves a unique, high speed, elliptical open-hand striking system, kicking, and defense on the ground. Unlike many Asian styles, Systema has no predetermined fighting stances, but teaches you to defend yourself against attackers from any position. In addition, students are trained in the use and disarming of weapons, improvised weapons, as well as combat in non-traditional situations such as fighting from a chair or while in a car.
Universal COMBAT SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ - is a unique combination of knowledge, skills and practical habits, also it's a way of assembling, developing and using them according to particular tasks or aims for a person who wants to get prepared for a professional fighting or any other extreme activities.
SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ covers a wide circle of questions:
• Physical training
• Hand to hand fighting
• Fiery grounding
• Practical survival skills in different circumstances
• Tactical training
• Psychological training
• Psychophysical training
1. A specialist that was trained according to SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ methods will be a person with harmony developed system of such psychological qualities which will guarantee effective realization of professional functions, will allow to increase endurance resources, will maintain physical and psychological health and "professionalism longevity".
2. SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ is a whole system of psychological training programme based on special principals that allows from one hand to unify the process of training for specialist of different profiles, and from the other hand permits to take into account each trainee's individual features and level of preparation.
This training system allows to avoid the main defect of the most existing combat fighters training systems that is "sporting" style of behaviour in a combat situation. This style displays a limited combat thinking, lack of improvisation in the frames of multitude varieties of possibilities and tasks, passivity in critical situations, increased intuition when there is not enough information about the enemy and his methods of combat tactics, etc...
3. The structure of SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ training combines a number of different methods. For example, methods of super fast training. Depending upon aims and timing a training could practice SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ to get a narrow range of knowledge and skills but in a very short period of time.
Super fast methods of training are used when a trainee should obtain some extreme skills during several days. Usually, trainees go through a whole programme that is oriented on developing a professional who will be able to understand and use full range of psychophysical qualities. This type of preparation is very important for the future of the trainee. Knowing the basis you will be able to develop your professionalism without any instructor.
4. SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ is an outstanding system and it allows to practice in big groups. Our coaches understand individual level of each trainee that helps to optimise the process of practicing.
5. Saving and accumulating skills and knowledge that a trainee acquires practicing different experience of SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ does not oriented on "direct storing" of the information that usually turns into huge losses of it. The main task of the system - to create a specific culture of acquired knowledge for the coaches and for the trainees, the culture that is based on unique but scientifically proved principles of "Life experience ".
A professional does not need "to store" skills and experience, choosing the important items just for the particular moment, the Pro builds a detailed model of the situation that helps to restore in the future any required information which actual for the specific moment.
The Integrated system of the intellect development.
Development of mental abilities - one of the most important tasks of SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ that makes this sy tern profitably different from other training schools.
6. SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ exists as a social and state institution maintaining several directions:
• "Russian Style"- System of the self-defense
• Combat Army System
• Police Combat System
• Health Improving Programme
The combination of several directions helps to satisfy specific and very often completely different needs of departments, SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ gives an opportunity to take into account age specification of the trainees.
With the help of techniques of SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ, special preparation plastic system, a wounded, ill, weak person is capable of showing resistance and overcoming a surpassing physically, armed adversary in a hand-to-hand fight. Students trained with a hand-to-hand fight in accordance with SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ pattern have real chances of survival at combat against several adversaries. Being designed with the use of natural movements and reactions of a human body, our techniques of a hand-to-hand fight do not require long mechanical learning, and free manipulation with small components of techniques, i.e. with technical elements, enables for a hand-to-hand fighter to react to any situation adequately. The fighter himself determines the order of combination and application of methods of a hand-to-hand fight, taking into consideration the physical and mental condition of the adversary, the environment and many other factors. The main principle of the plastic systems is not to respond to a force with a force but to redirect the adversary's attempts against themselves for the fighter's own purposes.
The methods of SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ hand-to-hand fight are multipurpose and frequently combine an impact and protection, a throw and a painful method, disarmament and causing disbalance. During the training of movements in a contemporary hand-to-hand fight we adhere to plastic forms which with the help of natural circular movements and circulating exercises enable to train people with a technique easily and fast. The core of the system is training of a hand-to-hand fight through coordination and psychophysical exercises which enable to form universal skills of hand-to-hand and firing fights in the shortest terms, which, however, require periodic recurrence, detailed work and perfection for successful practical application. When skills are perfected, less time is spent on the technics and more time is dedicated to special physical preparation.
Since the first days of the course a SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ fighter is taught the essence of "fight thinking", grounding the skills of constant readiness and the ability of instant estimation of the situation with the best decision made. When a SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ fighter is trained, after being trained with other systems, he is not retrained, but is trained with new techniques, as much as possible implementing the skills gained before.
All the branches are based on the general coordination and psychophysical basis that after an initial preparation enables a person to easily master either any of the chosen branches or several of them. However it is necessary to pay attention, that there is a certain order of mastering and perfection of technique groups. Thus, for example, it is not advisable to master a course of counteraction to the adversary armed with a knife, not being trained with a brief course of a knife fight. (The initial course of a SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ knife fight, hereinafter referred to as "Knife 1C" or just "1C", is intended for development of firm skills in order to apply some of the technical elements needed for a destruction fight with both a cold steel armed hand-to-hand fighter and unarmed one. The "Knife 1C" is a component of BARS.)
SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ differs radically from all existing fighting systems and is accessible for training. It is possible to train a person with basics of survival, a firing and hand-to-hand fight during 45 days. A 45-day course is made for people of a wide age group and an average level of physical development.
Training of SYSTEMA SPETSNAZ hand-to-hand combat enables to prepare professionals of high class hand-to-hand combat and to avoid many drawbacks of the majority of other training systems, namely
• Lack of techniques for solution non-typical situations.
• Lack of reliable protection patterns.
• Breakaway of trained technical actions from real combat conditions.
• Lack of introductory psychophysical exercises.
• Learning of protection techniques without attacking ones.
• Adaptation of methods for certain positions of the attacking person, which is dangerous in real situations.
• Ignoring natural manner of body movements.
• Beginners learn complex technical actions, ineffective without a long-term practice.
• Biased inharmonious formation of psychophysical abilities of trainees.
• Learning complex, multi-element methods without learning of simple technical actions. This process can be compared to studying languages. To remember huge number of hieroglyphs is much more difficult than to use an alphabet which consists of several tens of letters for making any needed word.
• Learning of inharmonious combat systems in which the emphasis is put basically on one type of the methods ignoring the rest, which, certainly, makes a combat situation dangerous.
• Learning of techniques which do not provide real advantage over a physically stronger adversary.
• Learning of technique without strong theoretical basics of a hand-to-hand fight, medical and special knowledge. This list can be continued, but the already mentioned facts are enough to understand all the worth of the suggested technique.
A combat complex without weapons against an unarmed or armed adversary. Within the framework of this complex training of a hand-to-hand fight using non-typical impacts with hands and feet will be carried out as well as
• throws;
• suffocating and painful techniques, injuries of body integuments (eyes, nose, genitals, etc.);
• painful and breaking impacts on joints and neck;
• breaking impacts on bones.
It is very difficult to overcome a physically strong, prepared adversary in a hand-to-hand fight. It is much easier, without entering in a fatal opposition with him, to cripple him with unexpected, hardly perceptible, but very effective methods. It is not only physical strength that is decisive in a hand-to-hand fight, therefore from the very first training, besides physical and technical exercises, there also carried out psychological preparation for removing complexes and beliefs which are harmful to a hand-to-hand fight. The program of training also consists of mastering medical complexes for rehabilitation after hard trainings and development of flexibility, extension, activity of joints. These complexes can also be useful to those trainees who were injured earlier. In training of a hand-to-hand fight there is training of shock forms, training of receiving bodily impacts without harm for health, ways of mental and emotional strengthening of methods, instant mobilization for a hand-to-hand fight and many other things...
A destruction fight with a small cold steel and improvised objects is focused first of all on those who want to protect themselves effectively, but do not have enormous strength.
You will effectively learn in the shortest terms how to conduct combat using improvised objects or a small knife which is not considered to be a cold steel against one or several adversaries, armed or unarmed, prepared with traditional techniques of eastern combats. You will be able to any object which you will grasp as a killing weapon in a hand-to-hand combat.
Russian hand-to-hand combat is army, military combat which is aimed at guaranteed defeat of the opponent in fighting conditions.
For this quite clear reason it can not be referred to a sports duel which is limited by the appropriate rules and takes place on a sports ground. A real battle takes place not in comfortable conditions of a gym but in any conditions: in the afternoon and at night, in summer and winter, under rain on slippery ground or on unsteady sand, in the forest, elevator, on board a plane or in a car.
What are the main merits of Spetsnaz’s system, advantages of this style over sambo-wrestling, judo and east single combats that are so popular now?
To start with, this style is very easy to master even for those who are physically not prepared (women, old people, children, disabled people). It is possible to master the effective system of self-defense without using special sport constructions and clothing in a short period of time. The degree of traumatism is very low because the style is based on physics and mechanics which are well-known to everyone. One of the positive sides is that there is no need to learn complicated manuals for along time as in other types of single combats. This style gives an opportunity for a person to determine the order of carrying out different manuals himself, judging on the opponent’s position, his physical and psychological state and condition of ground, weather, presence of vegetation, limitation of space and other factors. This style enables a person to keep force which is very important for those who act secretly on the opponent’s territory; beside, it lets the injured and those who are tired of conducting a hand-to-hand fight using all improvised weapons win.
The main principle of this system - not to answer force of the opponent with force, but to strive to give it the right direction to make the opponent put him out of action himself. Skill to work rationally is one of the main rules of the Russian style. This is not sport but a fight on defeat. The result of competent actions is mutilation or death of the opponent. This is not cruelty, this is a vital necessity. You should remember that it is impossible to feel sorry of the opponent in fight. Accustom yourself to it beforehand. This is the survival law at war: you or your opponent!
The Russian style is defined by three components:
1. by being personality oriented;
2. by the degree of conscious control over internal mental processes;
3. by technical manuals.
This style is different from others in methods of teaching, peculiarities of application and ways of retiring one’s activity; it can be changed with the change of conditions nonetheless maintaining its structure.
Russian Style teaches to turn everything that happens to be in your hands into weapon. There is no difference between working with your hands, legs, weapons or improvised means in this style. If you happen to see training sessions conducted by followers of this style pay attention at the fact that manuals are not repeated as their efficiency is the result of knowing the principles, not the manuals themselves.
This style excludes dogmas, everyone decides in the succession of his actions himself. Use of levers is the basis of hand-to-hand combat; using them a person can defeat the opponent who has physical advantage.
The problem of formation of bases of conducting a hand-to-hand combat with one or several opponents in extreme situations using regular weapon or improvised means is solved at hand-to-hand combat training sessions.
The course of study is organized and held in small groups (10-12 people) under the guidance of a teacher and 2-3 instructors or by realization of seminars at instruction by correspondence.
As a result of training on the system in full the engaged should know theoretical bases of hand-to-hand combat (Russian style), conducting a hand-to-hand combat with one or several opponents, be able to conduct a hand-to-hand fight in any conditions, with or without weapons.
Studying of a theme begins with mastering the base handstand and its derivatives. A teacher explains and demonstrates the correct taking of the base handstand with the upper and lower frame.
The main way of controlling the stand is exercises at a wall. Having risen closely to a wall the trained is to touch in the following points:
• toes;
• knees;
• chest ,by the lower frame;
• forearms, by the upper frame;
• forehead.
At working on movements by the base handstand a teacher should pay attention at observance of ergonometric rules of arrangements of parts of body. Hands and legs should be placed to provide the quickest and most precise actions at optimum power consumption. The way eyes and head are placed should provide the optimum visual angle, and the position of half-squat - accumulation of energy in muscles to preserve mobility and drive in moving.
Besides, attention of the trained should be paid at the fact that turning of pelvis can prevent involuntary movements of body. Not only vertical and sideway vibrations of body are diminished this way, but one’s step gets wider as well.
It is expedient to start working on the lower acrobatics with such elementary actions as falling on one’s chest, back, sideways, etc.
The main requirements are noiselessness, “softness”, security and readiness for immediate action after that.
After falls somersaults are studied. These exercises are more difficult and working at them should be started with preparatory exercises. For example, before working at somersaults from a standing position somersaults from knee should be worked at.
The main requirement is: every next exercise should result from the last stage of the previous one. This helps to learn to control one’s body, feel one’s rhythm and develop vestibular apparatus.
Methodic recommendations on the topic “Grips and release from them”.
Grips are divided into:
• Paralyzing movements;
• Painful;
• Suffocating.
They are resorted to when it is necessary to attack the opponent, paralyze his actions or disarm him. At realization of painful grips it is necessary to extend joints from articulate bags, limiting the opponent’s freedom.
Release from grips should be started with educational grips of hands- with two hands over a wrist, with two hands over a forearm, with one hand over a wrist.
In each case mechanics of release, the right uses of levers are very important. A very important point here is keeping your own handstand. Due to it a person acts not with the force of hands and shoulders, but with his body’s mass, saving energy and facilitating work of heart.
Through the above-mentioned actions we remove the opponent’s general centre of gravity out of his basic platform and break his balance this way. It is necessary to let the trained feel control over the opponent’s body and better understand law of mechanics.
Releases from grips should be worked at not more that 5-7 times at one grip not to let the dynamic stereotype appear.
After the trained have learned to carry out and releases from them in statics this problem should be learned in the dynamics.
One of the main tactical requirements is: before starting to release one should distract the opponent’s attention by means of a distracting strike, a scream etc.
A teacher or an instructor should remind that influence on painful points should be not strong and short-term. The efficiency of the influence should be judged upon partner’s painful sensations.
It is very important to demand to deal the final blow to the fallen opponent. It should never be forgotten that even a fatally wounded enemy is dangerous.
Methodic recommendations to the topic “Strikes and defense against them”.
It is recommended to start training with simple strikes (direct, lateral).Further such strikes as from above, from below, combined, secret should be studied.
Line or circular method can be used for working at strikes in moving. Thus working both with the right and left hand (leg) is important. All the movements should be smooth and it is necessary not to stop moving.
After having worked at strikes defense against them should be worked at. Defense should be carried out so that the opponent failed his attack and lost balance. Such an exercise can be used in this case ( working in pairs): the “opponent” inflicts a direct strike with his hand to the breast or with his leg above the waist and the trained should carry out his defense only at the last moment when there are no doubts about the attack being real.
Such elements as turning of hips in the plane of inflicting a strike can be useful here. This action alone will make the opponent “fail”. Then the trained will act according to the situation.
It is necessary to shorten the distance between you and the opponent, to contact him and use complex percussive force, levers and press his painful points.
Strikes and defense against them are worked at motionlessly, i.e. the “opponent” inflicts the beforehand stipulated strike very slowly. Little by little the opponent starts acting faster.
The main shortages by training are:
• Division of technique and tactics during preparation;
• Static character of the main positions;
• Unnecessary movements.
The trained should remember that their body should be relaxed and their look shouldn’t be fixed during the attack. The relaxed state of body will make it possible to be ready to any actions in any direction and the non-fixed look will allow to appraise the situation on the whole.
It is recommended to demand the right realization of the basic elements only as the whole range if actions will depend only on the personal qualities, characteristics and abilities of the trained.
The main methods of teaching hand-to-hand combat.
Training with weapons and improvised means imparts skill of work with removal of the centre of gravity and gives experience of management of movement on various speeds; it also gives a good opportunity to learn how to move correctly without using too much energy.
The trained shouldn’t be afraid of weapons; he should feel it and be able to use it skillfully.
The same laws of mechanics as in conducting a hand-to-hand fight without weapons can be resorted to in this case. The ability to manage your body and weapons as well as the opponent’s body and weapon is very important.
The trained should always take into account the following peculiarities:
1. in process of rapprochement shooting and throwing of weapons and improvised means can be used in far distance;
2. strikes with weapons and improvised means will be inflicted from the average or minimal distance;
3. fight with weapons is more transient.
Trainings should be started with inflicting strikes with a weapon or a stick. All parts of the weapon should be used.
After working at the strikes the trained start working at the question: disarming of the opponent. The same period of time should be devoted to working with a gun, an automatic machine and a knife.
Disarming of the opponent should be worked at in accordance with the rule: “The weapon which was not knocked out is taken away». This is required by tactics. The opponent’s weapon is knocked out by a leg, by your weapons or improvised means.
If the strike was not strong enough and weapons were not knocked out, a second immediate strike should be inflicted, levers, influencing painful zones and points, deafening of your opponent should be used. Different variants of disarming should be used so that the trained were free from traditional views on using weapons.
Working at actions connected with using of improvised means is carried out in the same way. Some common points should be stressed:
• some time should be devoted to working with blindfold eyes;
• the trained should be allowed to use their imagination, initiative and non-standard approach after having worked at basic elements.
Conditions of conducting training sessions.
For conducting of training sessions grounds without softening covers are used: bare floor of a gym, open grounds with natural or man-made cover, i.e. with conditions that are very close to the real ones.
Prevention of traumatism is provided by slow speed of work at the initial stage and by perfect technique of standing by each other at further stages. At the same time, light bruises and painful sensations connected with them serve as a marker of the correctness of your actions: painful sensations indicate that you make mistakes in basic technique.
Common clothing used in our daily life and by realization of fighting tasks serves as the equipment for training sessions. Special sport wear is not recommended as it has different influence on movements.
Training Methods
Five-annual training program
along Russian Hand to Hand Combat "Systema SpetsNaz" / "Systema Russian Style"
TRAINING 1
Of theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to acquire the rank of specialist of 1st (beginner) level of education of hand-to-hand combat Starov style.
Theory:
1. Historical aspects of Russian Hand-to-Hand combat.
2. Three basic laws of human survival under extreme conditions.
3. Principles of movement. Practical work: 1. Base movement "Eight"
4. Directions of movements, concerning a vertical and horizontal axis; by hands and legs - separately for both sides.
Special acrobatics:
1. Side falls.
2. Forward falls.
3. Position an assured from strikes from the right, left and behind.
4. Forward somersault - arms to the side.
5. Backward somersault - arms to the side.
Technical work:
1. Stances, frames, turns, movement.
2. Release from a hold - Method I
3. Release from a hold - Method II
4. Release from a hold - Method III
5. Release from a hold on the neck from the front and from behind.
6. Release from a hold on the legs from the front; the root of a nose.
7. Defense from strikes - Method I; and from weapons also
8. Defense from strikes - Method II; and from weapons also
9. Defense from strikes - Method III; and from weapons also
10. Removal of weapons, knifes, pistols, automatic weapons, staffs.
Special exercises for development of explosive force, dexterity, endurance.
1. Side falls alternately (side to side) - 15 times per one minute;
2. Forward somersault with U-turn - 15 times per one minute;
3. Forward falls alternately with U-turn - 10 times per one minute;
4. "Crocodile" - 5 meters.
5. "Frog" - 5 meters.
2- course. The basic elements of hand-to-hand fighting.
1. Bases of destabilization (biomechanics).
2. base releases on the hand (physics).
3. protection from the impact by stick (on top, header into the breast - the moment of force, the pulse).
4. Special- developing exercises.
To write the abstract: mass, law is dynes, active and reaction forces, the moment of force, pulse, biomechanics, physics.
TRAINING 2
Of theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to acquire the rank of specialist of 2nd (elementary) level of education of hand-to-hand combat Starov style.
Theory:
1. Basic First Aid
2. Basic principles of throwing off balance
3. Danger and risk in human activity.
Practical work:
1. Base movement "Eight" - 4 directions of movements, concerning a vertical and horizontal axis; by hands and leg - simultaneously (in both parties)
2. Trinity strikes with the arms.
Special acrobatics:
1. Rolls on the shoulders:
- to strikes low with your legs
- to strikes high with your legs
2. "The ape step".
3. To combine falls, somersaults and rolls from 1st and 2nd levels, in one acrobatic copula; in any sequence.
1. Throwing off balance.
2. Release from a hold with to hands on one arm.
3. Release from a hold on the hair and ears.
4. Defense from strikes of hand, of knife, of stick; top-down.
5. Defense from trinity strikes with the arms.
6. Overturn of the opponent from an assured position or on a back, in a position on a stomach - 2 variants.
7. Retention in a position on a stomach and with ensuing convoy.
8. Removal of weapons, knives, sticks, pistols at threat behind.
Special exercises for development of explosive force, dexterity, endurance.
1. Side falls alternately (side to side) - 25 times per one minute.
2. Forward somersault with U-turn - 25 times per one minute.
3. Forward falls alternately with U-turn - 20 times per one minute.
4. "Crocodile" - 15 meters.
5. "Frog" - 15 meters.
3- course. System they are sewn in the hand-to-hand fighting.
1. Releases from the seizures. Theory and the practice of motions.
2. protection from the impacts by stick, by hand, by leg (fencing).
3. protection from the threat by knife, by pistol (theory and practice).
4. protection from by breaking knife (theory and practice).
To write the abstract: Ideality (spirituality), intellect, health.
TRAINING 3
Of theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to acquire the rank of Specialist of 3rd level of education of hand-to-hand combat Starov style.
Theory:
1. Human survival under extreme conditions.
2. Concept "three planes".
3. Principles the "Question Mark", "Side, Side, Hypotenuse".
4. Concept "weapons".
Practical work:
1. Base movement "Figure eight" with hands and legs to show as methods of attack and defense techniques.
2. Trinity strikes (3) with the legs.
Special acrobatics:
1. Forward and back undercuts.
2. To combine all falls, somersaults, rolls and undercuts (9) from 1st, 2nd and 3nd levels, in one acrobatic copula; in any sequence.
Technical work:
1. Work by "three planes" by release from a holds and defense from any strikes.
2. Work on fingers and wrist.
3. Release from a hold on the torso from behind.
4. Defense from strikes with the legs.
5. Removal of a sentry (neutralization, containment, frisk, bind, escorting) and defense.
6. Escorting - 4 variations.
7. Dislodging knives and pistols.
Special exercises for development of explosive force, dexterity, endurance.
1. Side falls alternately (side to side) - 30 times per one minute.
2. Forward somersault with U-turn - 30 times per one minute.
3. Forward falls alternately with U-turn - 25 times per one minute.
4. "Crocodile" - 20 meters.
5. "Frog" - 20 meters.
6. "Kazachok" - 15 meters.
4- course. Attack system in the hand-to-hand fighting.
1, seizures, detention, search; resistance (general).
2. impacts by leg, by hand.
3. zone and the point of active defeat.
4. work with the objects, the use of improvised means.
To write the course project: Within the framework of course school program OBZH, GO, CHS - biomechanics.
TRAINING 4
Test of theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to acquire the rank of Specialist of 4 th level of education of hand-to-hand combat Starov style.
Theory:
1. Hand-to-hand combat - as a way of development of the person.
2. Definition of the basic stages of preparation of the high quality expert on Hand-to-hand combat Starov style.
3. General characteristics of organizational and methodical features of realization of occupations on Hand-to-hand combat. Principles of training of Russian style.
Practical work:
Work with subjects:
1. Stick - not less than 10 elements for each hand conjoint in one movement.
2. Tennis balls (two) - juggle by two balls; not less than 10 times for each hand.
Special acrobatics:
1. To turn handspring alternately on every side - not less than 5 times on every side.
2. Long underswing with running and upstart.
3. Moving with a pistol in three levels - not less than 10 elements.
Technical work:
1. Releases from a hold of a "Full Nelson".
2. Four sectors of defense against of a strikes of a knife.
3. Defense with a staff against any strikes of a knife or staff.
4. Defense against any possible strikes of a chair, stool.
Tactics:
Conditional sparring with two opponents attacking by staffs to a head; to show skills of tactically orderly moving and leaving from a line of strikes with a continuation, up to the logic end.
Special exercises for development of explosive force, dexterity, endurance:
1. "Gambo" with U-turn alternately - not less than 20 times.
2. Forward falls alternately with U-turn - 35 times per one minute.
3. Forward somersault with U-turn - 40 times per one minute.
Applied exercises:
Transporting wounded - 3 variations:
1. On the arms;
2. On the back;
3. On the shoulders.
5- course. System of survival under the extreme conditions of combat situation RB.
1. Tactics of conducting hand-to-hand fighting.
2. hand-to-hand fighting under difficult conditions.
3. group battle.
4. hand-to-hand fighting with the use of a weapon.
To write the diploma: System of survival under the extreme conditions of combat situation RB.
TRAINING 5
Test of theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to acquire the rank of Specialist of 5th level of education of hand-to-hand combat Starov style.
Theory:
1. Methods of increase of stress at employment of Hand-to-hand combat.
2. The survival at technical accidents, failures, acts of nature.
3. Principle "an angle of 45 degrees" and its application.
Practical work:
Work with subjects:
1. Work with log or crowbar - not less than 8 elements combined in one movement.
2. Juggle by three tennis balls - 2 variants - not less than 15 times.
3. Juggle by two knifes with one hand - not less 15 times.
Special acrobatics:
1. One arm cart-wheel alternately on every side - not less than 5 times on every side.
2. Cart-wheel with turning.
3. Special acrobatics with stick - not less than 5 times.
Technical work:
1. Eight sectors of defense against of a strikes of a stick.
2. Defense by the tying hands or in handcuffs from any strikes by hands and legs.
3. Defense by a knife from any strikes by a knife and stick.
4. Undercut while staying in place and while in motion.
Tactics:
Conditional sparring with two opponents attacking by knife and stick; to show skills of tactically orderly moving and leaving from a line of strikes with a continuation, up to the logic end.
Special exercises for development of explosive force, dexterity, endurance:
1. Jumps "hands - leg" - 10 times.
2. Walking in a position "bridge" - 2 directions of movement till 3 meters.
3. Forward somersault with U-turn - 50 times per one minute.
Applied exercises:
1. Overcoming of an obstacle - height 1,5 meters. Time - 30 seconds; - not less than 8 times.
2. Throwing of a knife; target - breast; distance - 4 meters; 5 times by each hand - not less than 5 hits.
TRAINING MASTER
Test of theoretical knowledge and practical skills required to acquire the rank of Specialist of th MASTER level of education of hand-to-hand combat Russian style.
Theory:
1. The organization of effective process of thinking in the trainings of Hand-to-hand combat (Russian style).
2. The adjust to the actualities of life.
3. The principles of levers. Classification of levers by kind.
4. National dances of the Slavs - as spiritual and moral recovery, physical and psychological development of growing up generation.
Practical work:
Work with subjects:
1. Work with two stick - not less than 8 elements on each hand combined in one movement.
2. Juggle by four tennis balls - not less than 15 times.
3. Juggle by three knifes - two variants - not less 15 times.
Special acrobatics:
Special acrobatics with a bandage over eyes - not less than 12 elements.
Technical work:
Twelve sectors of defense against of a strikes of an entrenching shovel. 3. Practice of dancing movements: - as exercises for development of coordination of movements, explosive force; - as elements of special acrobatics; - as being out of balance; - as technical of strikes with hands, legs and other parts of body.
Tactics:
Conditional sparring with three opponents attacking in limited space (lift, porch, car) ; to show skills of tactically orderly moving and leaving from a line of strikes or releases from any holds with a continuation, up to the logic end.
Special exercises for development of explosive force, dexterity, endurance:
1. Walking in a position "bridge" - 6 directions of movement till 2 meters.
2. Forward somersault with U-turn - 60 times per one minute.
Applied exercises:
1. Overcoming of an obstacle - height 2,5 meters; Time - 30 seconds; - not less than 8 times.
2. Throwing of a knife; departure position - by back to a target; target - breast; distance - 4 meters; 5 times by each hand - not less than 5 hits.
With the study of each course is appropriated the qualification of instructor- methodologist on RB"Starov Style" with the category from the 1st to the 5th with the right teaching.
At the end of five-annual instruction is distributed the diploma with the right of the teaching of the "Starov Style" for the citizens.
Conditions for certification and of delivering the tests:
1. Visit per year not less 3rd seminars and the delivery of tests to the Founder of the style Vadim Starov.
2. entrance into the members of center with the filling of form, the payment of membership payments.
3. writing abstract at the moment of atestovaniya.
4. payment of certificate with the right of teaching and the progress of re-certification one time per year.
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